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Tourism, Transport and Communication Class 10 Geography Chapter 9 Questions And Answers Maharashtra Board
Class 10 Social Science Maharashtra Board Textbook Solutions
12 Mar 2026

Tourism, Transport and Communication Class 10 Geography Chapter 9 Questions And Answers Maharashtra Board

1. State whether right or wrong with reasons. (a) The future of tourism is bright in India due to its natural diversity. Answer. Right. (b) Tourism is an invisible trade. Answer. Right. (c) The indicator of development in a country is the development of transport in that country. Answer. Right (d) Brazil’s time is ahead of India’s time. Answer. Wrong (e) The development of tourism in India has begun recently. Answer. Right. 2. Answer in short (a) Which factors attract more tourists in Brazil? Answer. The factors which attract more tourists in Brazil are: (b) What are the difficulties in the development of the railway system in Brazil’s internal areas? Answer. (c) Which means of communication has expedited the field of communications? Answer. Communication is a process of sending and receiving information such as post, newspapers, telecom, and so on. In today’s world: 3. A plane leaves Brasilia at 11 a.m. on 31st December. The plane crosses 0° Meridian and reaches Vladivostok via New Delhi. Tell the local time, date and day at New Delhi and Vladivostok when the plane leaves Brasilia. Answer. Time difference between Brasilia and GMT = 3 hoursTime at GMT = 11 a.m.+3 hours= 2.00p.m. Time difference between GMT and New Delhi = 5 hours 30 min.Time at New Delhi = 2 a.m. + 5 hours 30 min.= 7 hours 30 min.= 31st December,Sunday, 7.30 p.m. Time difference betweenNew Delhi and Vladivostok = 4 hours 30 min.Time at Vladivostok = 7.30 p.m. + 4 hours 30 min.= 12.00 am The local time, date and day at Delhi are 7 : 30p.m. , 31st December, Sundaylocal time, date and day at Vladivostok are 12 am. , 1st January, Monday. 4. Match the columns. Column A’ Column ’B’ (1) Trans-Amazonian(2) Road Transport(3) Rio de Janeiro(4) Manmad (a) Tourist Place Highway(b) Railway Station in India(c) Golden Quadrilateral(d) Major Highway(e) 40° W Meridian Answer. 1 – d2 – c3 – a4 – b 5. Give geographical reasons. (a) Eco-tourism is being developed more in Brazil. Answer. (b) The waterways are not developed in Brazil. Answer. (c) A dense network of railways has developed in the north Indian plains. Answer. (d) Development of transport is important for country’s progress. Answer. (e) We rely on the sea route for international trade. Answer. 6. Differentiate between. (a) Water transport in the Amazon and the Ganga river. Answer. Water transport in the Amazon River Water Transport in the Ganga River (i) River Amazon is navigable throughout its course due to its gentle slope.(ii) Boats ply from Equitos in Peru to its mouth i.e., approximately 3700 km.(iii) River Amazon is used for navigation between Brazil and neighbouring countries. (i) River Ganga is navigable only in its middle and lower course which is gentler as compared to its upper course.(ii) Boats ply from Allahabad to Haldia. i.e. approximately 1620 km.(iii) River Ganga is used for inland transportation. (b) Communication in Brazil and India Answer. Communication in Brazil Communication in India (i) Telecommunication services in Brazil are well developed and efficient.(ii) Brazil is developing technology to send domestically-made satellites into space with its own rockets. (i) With the explosion of electronic media, telecommunication industry has become one of the fast growing sectors.(ii) With development of our own satellites, India has come a long way in this field. (c) IST and BRT Answer. IST BRT (i) 1ST is the Indian Standard Time. (i) BRT is the Brasilia Time/Brazil Time. (Standard Time) (ii) India has only one standard time zone. (ii) Brazil has four time zones. (iii) The official 1ST is based on 82.5° E longitude (iii) The official BRT is GMT – 03 which passes which passes through Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh. through Brasilia. (iv) 1ST is 5hrs 30mins ahead of Greenwich Meridian (iv) BRT is 2,3,4, or 5 hrs behind Greenwich Meridian (v) Time as India is in the eastern hemisphere. (v) Time as Brazil is in the western hemisphere. 7. Write notes on. (a) Modern means of communication Answer. (i) Modern means of communication includes landlines as well as mobile services, television broadcasting and computer/internet access.(ii) In this era of information and communication technology, digitally enhanced communication devices like mobile phones, smart phones, internet and satellites are being used. (b) Air transport in India Answer. (i) Air transport is more developed in India as compared to Brazil.(ii) The use of international and internal airways is increasing.(iii) Important airports from where domestic and foreign travel take place are Mumbai, Delhi, Kolkata, Chennai, Bengaluru, etc. (c) Correlation between physiographic and internal waterways Answer. (i) Internal (Inland) waterways comprises of rivers, canals, backwaters, creeks, etc. which are the cheap means of transportation.(ii) Deep waters, gentle slopes, absence of rapids and waterfalls and the long course of rivers are favourable factors for development of internal waterways.(iii) The longest waterways in the world is developed in the Amazon river in Brazil which is navigable for around 3700 kms.(iv) Perennial river like Ganga in India is navigable in its lower course but the peninsular rivers are not used due to shallow waters, shorter course, seasonal nature, etc. (d) Importance of Standard Time Answer. (i) Standard Time is the official time and is commonly accepted all over the country or region.(ii) The importance of Standard Time is the most, if the country has a vast longitudinal extent, since there will be a great difference between the time of its places located in the eastern and the western parts.(iii) It helps in making proper schedules of travel, business meeting, co-ordinating the functioning of various organisations, etc.(iv) Thus Standard Time helps in avoiding confusion regarding day, date and time.

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Economy and Occupations Class 10 Geography Chapter 8 Questions And Answers Maharashtra Board
Class 10 Social Science Maharashtra Board Textbook Solutions
12 Mar 2026

Economy and Occupations Class 10 Geography Chapter 8 Questions And Answers Maharashtra Board

1. Fill in the blank with appropriate word. (a) India’s per capita income is less than Brazil due to ______. (i) Low national income(ii) Massive Population(iii) Big family size(iv) Low foodgrain production Answer. (ii) Massive Population (b) The economy of Brazil is mainly dependent on the _______activities there. (i) primary(ii) secondary(iii) tertiary(iv) quaternary Answer. (iii) tertiary (c) The economies of India and Brazil are of the _______ type. (i) undeveloped(ii) developed(iii) developing(iv) highly developed Answer. (iii) developing 2. Answer the following questions: (a) Why has mining not developed in the western part of Brazil? Answer. (i) Most of the western part of Brazil is covered by the thick dense equatorial rainforests of the Amazon Basin.(ii) Inaccessibility, poor transport links, unfavourable climate, heavy rainfall are the main barriers for mining in this part.(iii) Moreover, lack of knowledge of potential reserves of resources is the other factor which has led to limitations in mining in the western part of Brazil.(iv) Therefore, mining is not developed in the western part of Brazil. (b) What are the similarities and differences in the fishing activities in Brazil and India? Answer. Similarities: Differences: 3. Give reasons: (a) Per capita land availability is more in Brazil as compared to India. Answer. (b) There is mixed economy in Brazil and India. Answer. 4. Study the following graph and analyse in short. Answer. (i) This is a compound bar graph showing the contribution of primary, secondary and tertiary sectors to the national income of India and Brazil.(ii) It also shows the percentage of population engaged in these sectors.(iii) The contribution of primary, secondary and tertiary sector to India’s national income is about 17%, 26% and 57% respectively.(iv) Whereas the contribution of primary, secondary and tertiary sector to Brazil’s national income is about 5%, 28% and 67% respectively.(v) The population engaged in primary, secondary and tertiary sector of India is about 49% 24% and 27% respectively.(vi) The population engaged in primary, secondary and tertiary sector of Brazil is about 10%, 19% and 71% respectively.(vii) Thus it is understood clearly from the graph that Brazil is not an agrarian economy like India.

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Human Settlements Class 10 Geography Chapter 7 Questions And Answers Maharashtra Board
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12 Mar 2026

Human Settlements Class 10 Geography Chapter 7 Questions And Answers Maharashtra Board

1. Tick (✓) the correct options : (a) The concentration of settlements is related to following major factor (i) The concentration of settlements is related to following major factor(a) Proximity to the Sea(ii) Plain region(iii) Availability of water(iv) Climate Answer. (iii) Availability of water (b) In North-eastern part of Brazil, which types of settlements are found? (i) Nucleated(ii) Linear(iii) Dispersed(iv) Star-shaped Answer. (iii) Dispersed (c) Where do you find dispersed settlements in India? (i) Near the rivers(ii) Near the transport routes(iii) Hilly areas(iv) Industrial regions Answer. (iii) Hilly areas (d) Concentrated settlements are found in Narmada Valley- (i) Forested Land(ii) Cultivable Land(iii) Undulating topography(iv) Industries Answer. (ii) Cultivable land (e) Which State has the least urbanization in Brazil ? (i) Para(ii) Amapa(iii) Espirito Santo(iv) Paran Answer. (i) Para 2. Give geographical reasons: (a) Availability of water is a major factor affecting settlements. Answer. (i) Water is a major factor affecting settlements because water is required for survival of living beings, for purposes like drinking, cooking, agriculture, industries, etc.(ii) Due to availability of water, agriculture and industries flourish, generating employment opportunities and leading to development of settlements.(iii) Shortage of water will hamper the growth of agriculture and industries which lead to less development of settlements. (b) In Brazil, majority of population is found in the eastern coastal areas. Answer. (i) Although the coastal climate is hot and humid, and flat land is limited due to rugged topography, the eastern coast of Brazil has a good water supply and a large range of natural resources.(ii) The region has rich fertile soil which is most suitable for coffee cultivation..(iii) The region is rich in minerals like iron ore and has a steady power supply.(iv) An excellent transportation facility is also available here.(v) Due to these factors, agriculture, industries and trade flourish and settlements increase.So, majority of Brazil’s population is found in the eastern coastal areas. (c) Urbanization is increasing rapidly in India. Answer. (i) In India, there has been growing industrialisation, leading to availability of jobs in urban areas.(ii) Urban areas have better facilities and amenities like water supply, electricity, health, education, etc.(iii) There is increasing migration of people from rural areas to urban areas.(iv) The urban population is increasing due to the expansion of urban centres and emergence of new towns.So, urbanisation is increasing rapidly in India. (d) Settlements are sparse in north-eastern Brazil. Answer. (i) The north east of Brazil is a Highland.(ii) As this region lies in a rain shadow region it suffers from droughts.(iii) Due to scanty rainfall and unavailability of resources, agriculture and industries are not well developed.(iv) Transport facilities are also very poor here. Therefore, settlements are sparse in north – eastern Brazil. (e) Except Delhi and Chandigarh, urbanization is low in other parts of India. Answer. (i) Delhi and Chandigarh are union territories lying in the flat Northern Plains of India.(ii) Delhi is the capital of India and has an ancient history of urbanisation while Chandigarh is one of the most well-planned cities.(iii) Both Delhi and Chandigarh have good water supply due to river Yamuna and the Bhakra Canal.(iv) As compared to the other cities in North India, both the cities have well-developed infrastructure, good transport links and other amenities.(v) Fast developing industries and commercial centres in these places, offer high employment opportunities leading to urbanisation.Hence, except Delhi and Chandigarh, urbanisation is low in other parts of India. 3. Answer in short: (a) Write a comparative note on urbanisation in Brazil and India. Answer. (i) Rate of urbanisation in higher in Brazil than in India.(ii) Growth of urbanisation in India has been slow.E.g. From 18% in 1961 to 31.2% in 2011.(iii) Growth of urbanisation in Brazil has been rapid.E.g. From 47.1% in 1960 to 84.6% in 2010.(iv) Urbanisation has been more in the southern part than in the Northern part of India.(v) Urbanisation in Brazil has been more in the coastal states of south and southeast than the states in the interior of the west and north.(vi) India’s rate of urbanisation has increased continously in a fluctuating rate.(vii) Brazil’s is rate of urbanisation has increased but in a diminishing rate. (b) Differentiate between the human settlements in Ganga river basin and the Amazon river basin. Answer. S.No Human settlements in the Ganga river basin Human settlements in the Amazon river basin (i) Nucleated settlements are found in Ganga river basin. (i) Dispersed settlements are found in Amazon river basin. (ii) Flat land, availibality of water, fertile soil,favourable climate is suitable for human settlement. (ii) Unfavourable climate, heavy rainfall, inaccessibility makes the Amazon river basin unsuitable for human settlement. (iii) The above conditions along with a good transport network has helped to flourish agriculture and other industries. (iii) Due to dense evergreen forests and poor transport facility there are restrictions on the use of natural resources, which have affected economic development. (c) Why do human settlements grow in specific locations only? Answer. Human settlements depend on various factors like climate, availability of water, slope of the land, level of development.In India, nucleated human settlements are found in the Ganga River Basin because of flat fertile plains, abundance of water, favourable climate and growth of agriculture and industries. Dispersed settlements are found in Himalayan slopes, eastern and southern Rajasthan because of uneven topography, unfavourable climate and lack of development. In Brazil, nucleated settlements are found in Sao Paulo and southern coast of Brazil, due to nearness to the ocean, fertile soil, availability of natural minerals like iron ore, steady power supply and good transportation system. Dispersed settlements are found in Northern Brazil due to the inaccessible forests in Amazon river basin, unhealthy climate, limitations on use of natural resources drought region and poor transport connectivity.

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Population Class 10 Geography Chapter 6 Questions And Answers Maharashtra Board
Class 10 Social Science Maharashtra Board Textbook Solutions
12 Mar 2026

Population Class 10 Geography Chapter 6 Questions And Answers Maharashtra Board

1. Are the following sentences right or wrong? Correct the wrong ones. (a) Literacy Rate is higher in Brazil than India. Answer. Right. (b) In Brazil, people prefer living in the south east as compated to the north east. Answer. Right. (c) The life expectancy of Indians is decreasing. Answer. Wrong. (d) The north-western part of India is densely populated. Answer. Wrong. (e) The western part of Brazil is densely populated. Answer. Wrong 2. Answer the questions as per the instructions : (a) Arrange the following states of India in descending order of their population. Himachal Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh, Arunachal Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Andhra Pradesh. Answer. Descending order: Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Andhra Pradesh, Himachal Pradesh, Arunachal Pradesh. (b) Arrange the states of Brazil in ascending order of their population: Amazonas, Rio de Janeiro,Alagoas, Sao Paulo, Parana. Answer. States of Brazil: Alagoas, Amazonas, Parana, Rio de Janeiro, Sao Paulo. (c) Classify the factors affecting the distribution of population into favourable and unfavourable. Nearness to sea, lack of roads, temperate climate, lack of industries, new cities and towns, tropical moist forests, minerals, semi-arid climate, cultivable land. Answer. Favourable Factors Unfavourable Factors (1) Nearness to Sea Lack of roads (2) Temperate Climate Lack of Industries (3) New cities and towns Tropical moist forests (4) Minerals Semi arid climate (5) Cultivable land 3. Answer the following questions: (a) Explain the similarities and differences between the population distribution in Brazil and India. Answer. (a) Similarities in population distribution in Brazil and India: (b) Differences between population distribution in Brazil and India. (b) Giving examples, correlate climate and population distribution. Answer. Climate and population distribution are closely interreleted. Temperature and rainfall, the two elements of climate greatly influence the population concentration. (i) Dense population is found in regions with mild climate and moderate rainfall.E.g. the coastal plains of Brazil, the northern plain as well as the coastal plains of India (ii) Places with heavy rainfall, inaccessibility and dense forests have low population.E.g. the interiors of the Amazon Basin in Brazil, north eastern states in India. (iii) The snow covered regions due to extremely cold climatic conditions have less population.E.g. the northernmost part of Jammu & Kashmir. (iv) In certain regions, due to less rainfall and extreme climatic conditions population is sparse.E.g. Thar desert of Rajasthan and the Drought Quadrilateral region of Brazil. 4. Give geographical reasons: (a) Population is an important resource. Answer. (b) Brazil’s population density is very less. Answer. (c) India’s population density is high. Answer. (d) The density of population is sparse in Amazon basin. Answer. (e) Population density is high in the Ganga plains. Answer. 5. (A) Compare and classify the population densities shown in the squares ‘a’ and ‘b’ representing 1 sq.km of area. Answer. In the fig. (a) density of population is 7 persons per sq. km. The region is sparsely populated.In the fig. (b), the density of population is 18 persons per sq. km. The region is densely populated. (B) If in figure B, one sign = 100, then what will be the sex ratio? Answer. One symbol = 100 personsThere are 10 female symbols.Number of females = 100 x 10= 1000There are 8 male symbolsNumber of males = 100 x 8= 800 Males 800 1000 Females 1000 ? Number of females = 1000*1000/800= 1250Sex Ratio is 1250 females per 1000 males. 6. Comment upon the population density of fig. 6.1 (b) (i) fig (b) shows the population density of India as per 2011.(ii) The density of population is divided into four categories. They are:(a) Less than 100 persons per sq.km. .(b) 101-250 persons per sq.km.(c) 251-500 persons per sq.km.(d) more than 500 persons per sq.km. Answer. S.No. Population Density (per sq.km.) Name of the States / Union Territories (1) less than 100 Arunachal Pradesh, Mizoram, Jammu and Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Sikkim. (2) 101 to 250 Meghalaya, Manipur, Nagaland, Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, Chattisgarh. (3) 251 to 500 Gujarat, Maharashtra, Goa, Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Odisha, Jharkhand, Assam, Tripura. (4) more than 501 West Bengal, Bihar, Punjab, Haryana, Uttar Pradesh,Kerala and Tamil Nadu, Delhi, Chandigarh, Puducherry, Diu, Daman, Dadra Nagar, Haveli, Andaman and Nicobar Islands.

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Natural Vegetation And Wildlife Class 10 Geography Chapter 5 Questions And Answers Maharashtra Board
Class 10 Social Science Maharashtra Board Textbook Solutions
11 Mar 2026

Natural Vegetation And Wildlife Class 10 Geography Chapter 5 Questions And Answers Maharashtra Board

1. On the basis of the information given in the chapter, figures and maps, complete the table below: Answer. S. No. Type of forest Characteristics Regions in India Regions in Brazil (1) Tropical Forests Broad-leaved evergreen trees. Andaman and Nicobar Islands, the Western Ghats. Some parts of North East India. Amazon Basin, Guyana Highlands. (2) Semi arid thorny vegetation (a) Thorny and shrub type vegetation.(b) Leaves are small in size. Leaves are modified into thorns to minimise evaporation. Gujarat, Rajasthan, Parts of Madhya Pradesh and Uttar Pradesh. North-Eastern part of Brazil. (3) Savannah Scanty bushes and shrub like trees and rain resistant grass. Brazilian Highland. (4) Tropicalsemi-deciduous Mixed type vegetation. Central India and South India. Parana Basin and South Eastern part of Brazil. (5) Grasslands Grassland region like the Pampas of Argentina. Foothills of Shiwalik hills and Assam. Southern Brazil. 2. Identify the odd man out (1) Forest type of Brazil ______. (a) Thorny bush type vegetation(b) Evergreen forests(c) The Himalayan Forests(d) Deciduous forests Answer. (c) The Himalayan Forests (2) With reference to India- (a) Mangrove forests(b) Mediterranean forests(c) Thorny bush-type vegetation(d) Equatorial forests Answer. (b) Mediterranean forests (3) With reference to fauna of Brazil- (a) Anaconda(b) Tamairin(c) Red Panda(d) Lion Answer. (c) Red Panda (4) With reference to flora of India- (a Deodar(b) Anjan(c) Orchid(d) Banyan Answer. (c) Orchid 3. Match the columns : Column ‘A’ Column ‘B’ Evergreen Forests (a) Sundari trees Deciduous forests (b) Pine Coastal forests (c) Pau Brasil Himalayan forests (d) Khejari Thorny and bush type vegetation (e) Teak (f) Orchid Answer. 1 – c2 – e3 – a4 – b5 – d 4. Answer in short: (a) Differentiate between the forest types of Brazil and India. Answer. Forest type of Brazil Forest type of India 1. The northern part of Brazil lies in the equatorial region. It receives ample sunshine and heavy rainfall. So dense evergreen forests are seen here. 1. The location of India is far away from the Equator. Heavy rainfall occurs only in the Western Ghats and North Eastern hilly areas. So evergreen forests are seen in these regions. 2. The Highland region of Brazil receives low rainfall. So tropical grasslands are seen in this region. 2. The Peninsula region of India receives rainfall between 1000 mm to 2000 mm, so they are covered by deciduous forests. 3. As there are no tall and long extending mountains in Brazil, Himalayan type forests are not found here. 3. Owing to presence of Himalayas, Himalayan type forests are found in North and North-East of India that are classified on the basis of altitude. 4. Thorny shrubs are found to the North Eastern part of Brazilian Highlands which is also considered to be a Drought Quadrilateral. 4. Thorny shrubs are found in India receiving less than 500 mm of rainfall. It is majorly found in Gujarat, Rajasthan and rain shadow regions of the Western Ghats. (b) Correlate wildlife and natural vegetation in India and Brazil. Answer. (i) Depending upon favourable geographical conditions, we find a variety of natural vegetation in India and Brazil. Also depending upon the vegetation we find a variety of wildlife in different regions. (ii) Grasslands of Brazil like the Savannah and the deciduous forest of India have a large number of herbivores and carnivores. (iii) The dense evergreen forests of India in the west, north east India and the Amazon Basin of Brazil are a home to a large variety of birds, insects, reptiles along with the herbivores and the carnivores. (iv) Coastal forests and swampy areas of Pantanal and Sunderbans have mangroves, a variety of birds, fishes and reptiles like crocodiles, alligators and the anacondas in Brazil. (v) Vegetation provides food and shelter to wildlife but if vegetation is limited like in the Thar desert or the Caatinga it will also limit the variety of animals species. (c) What environmental issues are faced by Brazil and India? Answer. (d) What are the major causes of degradation of forest in Brazil and India? Answer. (i) Forests are being cut down as more area is required to expand the cities. Hence rapid urbanisation is one of the reasons for degradation of forest. (ii) To ensure continuous food supply to meet the needs of the ever increasing population, more and more area needs to be brought under agriculture. For the expansion of agricultural land, forest areas are being cut down. (iii) In both India and Brazil, forests are being cut down for firewood and for other domestic needs. (iv) Slash and Burn agriculture which is also known as Roca in Brazil and Jhum in India is responsible for deforestation. (v) Apart from all the above reasons, forest fire, pollution, overgrazing, etc. are also responsible for the degradation of forests. (e) Why does the deciduous type of vegetation occupy most of India? Answer. 5. Give geographical reasons (a) The northern part of Brazil is covered by dense forests. Answer. (b) Vegetation is scarce in the high altitudes of Himalayas. Answer. (c) A wide variety of species of insects is found in Brazil. Answer. (d) Wildlife in India is decreasing day by day. Answer. (i) Wildlife in India is decreasing day by day because of rapidly occurring deforestation, poaching, pollution. (ii) Expansion of cities to accommodate the growing population is leading to cutting down of the valuable forest which leads to the loss of the habitat of wildlife. (iii) Also the problem of pollution has become severe due to urbanisation. Various types of pollution have threatened the lives of many of the species. (iv) Poaching of wildlife species have also led to the loss of wildlife in India. (v) Agricultural practices like shifting cultivation has also reduced the forest cover leading to loss of wildlife habitat. (e) Like India, there is need of conservation of forests in Brazil too. Answer. (i) Like India, Brazil is facing the problem of degradation of environment due to deforestation, pollution, slash and burn agriculture, illegal smuggling of wild animals, etc. (ii) Trees are being cut down to

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Climate Class 10 Geography Chapter 4 Questions And Answers Maharashtra Board
Class 10 Social Science Maharashtra Board Textbook Solutions
11 Mar 2026

Climate Class 10 Geography Chapter 4 Questions And Answers Maharashtra Board

1. Write the names of the States/Regions in appropriate columns : Bihar, Tocantins, Pernambuco, Alagoas, Eastern Maharashtra, Western part of Rajasthan, Gujarat, Rio Grande Do Norte, Paraiba, Western Ghats, Eastern Himalayas, Western Andhra Pradesh, Roroima, Amazonas, West Bengal, Rio Grande Do Sul, Santa Catarina, Goa Answer. States/Regions India Brazil High rainfall Western Ghats, Eastern Himalayas, Goa Tocantins, Rio Grande Do Sul, Roraima Moderate rainfall Bihar, Eastern Maharashtra West Bengal Santa Catarina, Amazonas, Alagoas Low rainfall Western part of Rajasthan, Gujarat, Western Andhra Pradesh Pernambuco, Paraiba,Rio Grande Do Norte, Alagoas 2. State whether right or wrong. Rewrite the wrong sentences. (a) The fact that Brazil lies on the equator affects its climate in a big way. Answer. Right. (b) India and Brazil have the same seasons at the same time. Answer. Wrong – India and Brazil have different seasons at the same time. (c) India faces tropical cyclones frequently. Answer. Right. (d) Brazil gets a lot of rainfall because of the southwest monsoon winds. Answer. Wrong – Brazil gets rainfall from South-East Trade Winds and North-East Trade Winds. 3. Give geographical reasons: (a) The northeastern part of Brazilian Highlands receives very less rainfall. Answer. (i) Brazil gets rainfall from the South-East Trade Winds and the North-East Trade Winds.(ii) Parts of the Brazilian Highlands extend upto the northern coast.(iii) The Escarpments act as an obstruction to the winds blowing from the sea and cause orographic type of rainfall in the coastal region.(iv) Beyond the Highlands, the effect of these winds gets reduced. As a result, the rainfall is minimal.(v) Thus the North Eastern part of Brazilian highlands receives less rainfall. This rain shadow region is also called the ‘Drought Quadrilateral’. (b) Snowfall doesn’t always occur in Brazil. Answer. (i) Because of the vast latitudinal extent of Brazil, it experiences a wide range of climatic variations. Near the Equator it is hot, while tropical type of climate is found near the Tropic of Capricorn. (ii) Considering the temperatures in Brazil, the northern part of Brazil is hot while the temperatures in the southern part are comparatively lower. (iii) It generally snows in those areas lying in the temperate or polar regions or in the mountainous regions of very high altitude. (iv) Snowfall does occur but is only confined to higher elevations in the southern states of Rio Grande Do Sul, Parana and Santa Catarina. (v) Most part of the country lies in the tropical zone which experiences a hot and humid climate. So snowfall doesn’t always occur in Brazil and is considered a rare phenomenon. (c) Convectional type of rainfall is not prominent in India. Answer. (i) Convectional rains are a feature of the equatorial regions and the equator passes through the northern part of Brazil.(ii) Due to the intense heat here the air expands and rises upwards. As the air goes upwards it cools down, condensation occurs and clouds are formed. This leads to convectional rains every day.(iii) As such conditions do not exist in India, convection rainfall is not prominent here. (d) Tropical cyclones occur rarely in Brazil. Answer. (i) In the coastal regions of Brazil near the Equator, differences in temperatures are negligible.(ii) The winds move in the vertical direction in this equatorial region.(iii) Similarly, the convergence zone of the trade winds is weak here. As a result, cyclones are not formed.(iv) As a result tropical cyclones occur rarely in Brazil. (e) There is not much difference in the range of temperature in Manaus. Answer. (i) Manaus is located to the north of Brazil and close to the Equator.(ii) This region receives perpendicular rays of the sun throughout the year.(iii) It also receives convectional type of rainfall every day.(iv) So the climate is hot and humid throughout the year.(v) As, there is not much difference in the maximum and minimum temperatures there is not much difference in the range of temperature in Manaus. (f) India receives precipitation from the North-East Monsoon winds too. Answer. (i) In the winter season, India is influenced by the North East Monsoon Winds.(ii) These winds bring cool breeze to the country.(iii) While blowing over Bay of Bengal the North East Monsoon Winds pick up moisture and give rain to the eastern coast of Andhra Pradesh and Tamil Nadu in India.So, it is said that India receives precipitation from the North East Monsoon Winds too. 4. Answer the following questions: (a) Describe in brief the changes occurring in the climatic conditions of India while going from south to north. Answer. (i) India’s Climate is of monsoon type. But there is diversity in climatic conditions of India due to the latitudinal location and altitude of the place. (ii) As the Tropic of Cancer passes through middle of India, it divides the country into tropical region and sub tropical region. (iii) The tropical region receives nearly vertical rays of the Sun and the temperature increases as we move towards the south. (iv) In the sub tropical region of the north, summers are very hot and winters are very cool and dry. (v) The Himalayas lie in the northern part of India. They protects us from the cold winds that blow from the north, obstructs the South West Monsoon Winds which results in orographic rainfall in its southern slopes. (vi) In major parts of India precipitation is in the form of rainfall, but in the Himalayas it is in the form of snowfall. (b) Explain the importance of the Himalayas and the Indian Ocean with respect to the climate of India. Answer. (i) The Indian Ocean and the Himalayan ranges exert a great influence on the climate of India and the origin of monsoons. (ii) Because of high temperatures in summers, a low pressure area develops in the Punjab Plains and the Thar Desert of Rajasthan. (iii) At the same time a high pressure region develops over the Indian Ocean. (iv) This attracts winds and they start blowing from the Indian Ocean towards the mainland India. (v) These are moisture-laden winds which bring rainfall to India. (vi) These

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Physiography and Drainage Class 10 Geography Chapter 3 Questions And Answers Maharashtra Board
Class 10 Social Science Maharashtra Board Textbook Solutions
11 Mar 2026

Physiography and Drainage Class 10 Geography Chapter 3 Questions And Answers Maharashtra Board

1. Complete the sentences by choosing the right option : (a) Brazil is covered mainly by _________. (a) highlands(b) mountainous region(c) plains(d) dissected hills Answer. (a) highlands (b) Like Brazil, India too has __________. (a) high mountains(b) west flowing rivers(c) ancient plateau(d) snow-capped mountains Answer. (c) ancient plateau (c) The Amazon Basin is mainly ________. (a) characterized by droughts(b) filled by swamps(c) covered by dense forests(d) fertile Answer. (c) covered by dense forests (d) Amazon is a large river in the world. Near its mouth ___________. (a) deltaic regions are found(b) no deltas are found(c) deposition of sediment occurs(d) fishing is done Answer. (b) no deltas are found (e) The Lakshadweep Islands of the Arabian Sea are _________. (a) made from the part separated by mainland(b) coral islands(c) volcanic islands(d) continental islands Answer. (b) coral islands (f) To the foothills of the Aravalis _________. (a) lies the Budelkhand Plateau(b) lies the Malwa Plateau(c) lies the Mewad Plateau(d) lies the Deccan Plateau Answer. (c) lies the Mewad Plateau 2. Answer the following questions (a) Differentiate between the physiography of Brazil and India. Answer. The Physiography of India The Physiography of Brazil The physiographic divisions of India are the Himalayas, the North Indian Plains and the Peninsula, Coastal Plains, and the Islands. The physiographic divisions of Brazil are: The Highlands, The Great Escarpment, The Coastal region, The Plains and The Islands. There are long and high mountain ranges in northern and north eastern part of India in the form of Himalayan ranges. The Western Ghats and the Eastern Ghats lie to the west and east of the Peninsular region. The average altitude of the Greater Himalayas is around 6000m. In Brazil there are no high and continuous mountain ranges. The eastern side of the Highlands is demarcated because of the Escarpment. The Great Escarpment located in south-eastern part of the Highlands has an altitude of 790m in this region with the height gradually decreasing. In India the Plains occupy a wide area in the north. The Plains lie between the Himalayas in the North and the Peninsula in the South. It extends from Rajasthan in the West to Assam in the East. The Coastal Plains lie to the west and east of the Peninsula. In Brazil the Amazon Basin in the North and the Parana-Paraguay Basin to the South West constitutes the Plains. Also a narrow coastal plain is confined to the North and the East. The Peninsular Plateau region of India lies to the South of the North Indian Plains and is divided into 2 groups, the The Central Highlands and the Deccan Plateau. In Brazil the Highlands occupy an extensive area in the South and is described as the Brazilian Highlands or the Brazilian Shield. Also to the North lies the Guyana Highland. The islands in India are either volcanic or coral in origin. The islands in Brazil are mainly depositional and some of them are coral in nature. (b) What measures are being taken to control pollution in the rivers of India? Answer. Rivers in India are getting polluted due to the sewage and effluents being added to it and thus affecting its quality. Following measures are being taken to control pollution in the rivers in India. (i) Treating of the sewage before draining it into the rivers.(ii) Reducing the use of pesticides and insecticides as they drain into the water sources and pollute it.(iii) Discharge of industrial effluents into rivers without proper treatment is now controlled.(iv) Reusing the water for different purposes which reduces the overuse and pollution of water.(v) Carrying out the cleaning and purification of the river water under the National River Conservation Plan (NRCP).(vi) Creating awareness in the people about the importance of rivers and harmful effects of pollution.(vii) Setting up of Pollution Control Boards (PCB) at the state and national level to curb pollution. (c) Explain the characteristics of the North Indian Plains. Answer. (i) This division lies between Himalayan Mountains in the north and the Peninsula in the south. (ii) Similarly, it extends from Rajasthan and Punjab in the west to Assam in the east. (iii) It is mostly a flat low lying area. (iv) The North Indian Plains are divided into two parts. The part lying to the east of the Aravalis is the basin of the river Ganga and is therefore known as the Ganga Plains. It slopes eastward. (v) Most of the Indian state of West Bengal and Bangladesh together constitute the delta of Ganga-Brahmaputra system. It is known as the Sunderbans. It is considered to be the world’s largest delta. (vi) The western part of the North Indian Plains is occupied by desert known as the Thar Desert or Marusthali. Most of Rajasthan is occupied by this desert. (vii) To the north of the desert lie the plains of Punjab. (viii) This region is spread to the west of Aravalis and Delhi ranges. These plains have formed as a result of the depositonal work by river Satluj and its tributaries. The slope of the plains is towards the west.Because the soil here is very fertile, agriculture is largely practised in this region. (d) What could be the reasons behind the formation of swamps in the extensive continental location of Pantanal? Answer. Pantanal is one of the largest wetlands in the world, lying in the south west part of the highland areas.It is a region of swamps and marshes in northwestern part of Mato Grosso do Sul in Brazil and it extends into Argentina too.This region is drained by the river Paraguay and its tributaries.They collect the water from the highland areas and deposit the sediments in the low lying Pantanal region.Pantanal is a gently sloped basin which is submerged throughout the year due to the filling of the sediments and water in the depression area of the Pantanal. (e) Which are the major water divides of India give examples. Answer. A mountain or an upland which separates two drainage basins is known as a Water Divide. The major

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Location and Extent Class 10 Geography Chapter 2 Questions And Answers Maharashtra Board
Class 10 Social Science Maharashtra Board Textbook Solutions
10 Mar 2026

Location and Extent Class 10 Geography Chapter 2 Questions And Answers Maharashtra Board

1. Are the sentences right or wrong. ? Rewrite the wrong ones (a) Brazil is mainly located in the Southern Hemisphere. Answer. Right (b) Tropic of Capricorn passes through the middle of India. Answer. Wrong. Tropic of Cancer passes through the middle of India. (c) The longitudinal extent of Brazil is less than India. Answer. Wrong. The longitudinal extent of Brazil is more than India. (d) Equator passes through the northern part of Brazil. Answer. Right (e) Brazil has a coastline along the Pacific Ocean. Answer. Wrong. Brazil has a coastline along the Atlantic. Ocean. (f) Pakistan is a neighbouring country to the south east of India. Answer. Wrong. Pakistan is neighbouring a country to the north west of India. (g)The southern part of India is called Peninsula. Answer. Right. 2. Answer in brief: (a) What problems did Brazil and India face after independence? Answer. (i) India was under the British rule for almost one- and-a-half centuries and it got its independence in the year 1947.(ii) It faced several problems like three wars, famine situations in various parts and similar issues after independence.(iii) Brazil gained its independence in 1822 after more than three centuries of Portuguese rule.(iv) From 1930 to 1985, for more than a half century, it was under a populist military government and it faced global financial difficulties in the late 20th century.Thus, both India and Brazil faced many problems post-independence. (b) How are Brazil and India different from each other in terms of location? Answer. (i) India is located in the northern hemisphere of the earth whereas some part of Brazil lies in the northern hemisphere and most of it lies in the southern hemisphere.(ii) India entirely lies in the eastern hemisphere whereas, Brazil lies in the western hemisphere.(iii) India lies in the continent of Asia whereas Brazil lies in the continent of South America.(iv) India lies in the southern part of the continent of Asia whereas Brazil lies in the northern part of South American continent. (c) Describe the latitudinal and longitudinal extent of India and Brazil. Answer. (i) The extent of the mainland India is 8°4’N to 37°6’N latitudes and between 68°7’E to 97°25’E longitudes.(ii) Indira Point is the southernmost tip of India.(iii) It is located on 6°45’N parallel.(iv) The extent of the mainland Brazil is 5°15’N to 33°45′ S latitudes and between to 34°47’W to 73°48’W longitude. 3. Select the correct option (a) India’s southernmost point is known as __________. (a) Lakshadweep(b) Kanyakumari(c) Indira Point(d) Port Blair Answer. (c) Indira Point (b) These two countries in South America do not share their border with Brazil? (a) Chile – Ecuador(b) Argentina – Bolivia(c) Columbia – French Guiana(d) Surinam – Uruguay Answer. (a) Chile – Ecuador (c) Both the countries have _________ type of government. (a) Military(b) Republic(c) Communist(d) Presidential Answer. (b) Republic (d) Which of the following shapes show the coastal part of Brazil correctly? Answer. (e) Which of the following shapes show the coastal part of India correctly? Answer. (f) Considering hemisphere, which shape correctly represents the hemisphere in which India lies? Answer. (g) Considering the hemisphere, which correctly represents the hemisphere in which Brazil mainly lies? Answer.

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Field Visit Class 10 Geography Chapter 1 Questions And Answers Maharashtra Board
Class 10 Social Science Maharashtra Board Textbook Solutions
10 Mar 2026

Field Visit Class 10 Geography Chapter 1 Questions And Answers Maharashtra Board

Answer in short : (1) Make a report on your field visit. Answer. The following points should be used for preparing a report. (2) Prepare a questionnaire for a field visit to a factory. Answer. A questionnaire for a field visit to a factory will be as follows: (3) How will you manage the litter during the field visit? Answer. Carry Reusable Items: Use reusable water bottles, food containers, and cloth bags to minimize waste generation. Bring Waste Collection Bags: Carry biodegradable or reusable bags to collect all litter, such as food wrappers, tissues, or other disposables, produced during the visit. Segregate Waste: Separate waste into recyclables (e.g., plastic bottles) and non-recyclables (e.g., food scraps) to facilitate proper disposal later. Avoid Single-Use Plastics: Avoid using single-use plastic items like straws, cutlery, or plates to reduce litter. Dispose of Waste Responsibly: Identify designated dustbins at the field visit site or nearby areas for proper disposal. If no dustbins are available, carry the litter back to a location where it can be disposed of correctly. Clean-Up Before Leaving: Ensure the group checks the area before departing to pick up any stray litter, leaving the site clean. Educate the Group: Brief all participants before the visit about the importance of not littering and keeping the environment clean. (4) What items will you take with you for the field visit? Answer. We will take the following items with us for the field visit: (5) Outline the importance of field-visit. Answer. (i) Geography is a science to be learnt through observation.(ii) Field study gives us an opportunity to get firsthand information of the new place having a different location, climate and landforms.(iii) Students learn the relationship between physical and cultural factors and how man adapts himself accordingly.(iv) They get an opportunity to interact with the local people, know about their culture, food, clothing and understand their problems.(v) Students develop the feeling of belonging to these regions and their skill of observation and reasoning also improves.

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