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Control and Coordination Class 12 Biology Chapter 9 Questions And Answers Maharashtra Board
Class 12 | Biology Maharashtra Board Textbook Solutions
15 Apr 2026

Control and Coordination Class 12 Biology Chapter 9 Questions And Answers Maharashtra Board

Q. 1. Multiple choice questions. 1. The nervous system of mammals uses both electrical and chemical means to send signals via neurons. Which part of the neuron receives impulse?(a) Axon(b) Dendron(c) Nodes of Ranvier(d) Neurilemma Answer. (b) Dendron 2. ……………. is a neurotransmitter.(a) ADH(b) Acetyl CoA(c) Acetyl choline(d) Inositol Answer. (c) Acetyl choline 3. The supporting cells that produce myelin sheath in the PNS are ______.a. Oligodendrocytesb. Satellite cellsc. Astrocytesd. Schwann cells Answer. (d) Schwann cells 4. A collection of neuron cell bodies located outside the CNS is called …………….(a) tract(b) nucleus(c) nerve(d) ganglion Answer. (d) ganglion 5. Receptors for protein hormones are located …………….(a) in cytoplasm(b) on cell surface(c) in nucleus(d) on Golgi complex Answer. (b) on cell surface 6. If parathyroid glands of a man are removed, the specific result will be ——a. onset of agingb. disturbance of  Ca++c. onset of myxoedemad. elevation of blood pressure Answer. (b) disturbance of Ca++ 7. Hormone thyroxine, adrenaline and non¬adrenaline are formed from ……………(a) Glycine(b) Arginine(c) Ornithine(d) Tyrosine Answer. (d) Tyrosine 8. Pheromones are chemical messengers produced by animals and released outside the body. The odour of these substance affects …………….(a) skin colour(b) excretion(c) digestion(d) behaviour Answer. (d) behaviour 9. Which one of the following is a set of discrete endocrine glands?a. Salivary, thyroid, adrenal, ovaryb. Adrenal, testis, ovary, liverc. Pituitary, thyroid, adrenal, thymusd. pituitary, pancreas, adrenal, thymus Answer. (c) Pituitary, thyroid, adrenal, thymus 10. After ovulation, Graafian follicle changes intoa. Corpus luteumb. Corpus albicansc. Corpus spongiosumd. Corpus callosum Answer. (a) corpus luteum 11. Which one of the following pair correctly matches a hormone with a disease resulting from its deficiency?a. Parathyroid hormone – Diabetes insipidusb. Leutinising hormone – Diabetes mellitusc. Insulin – Hyperglycemiad. Thyroxine – Tetany Answer. (c) Insulin – Hyperglycaemia 12. ……………. is in direct contact of brain in humans.(a) Cranium(b) Dura mater(c) Arachnoid(d) Pia mater Answer. (d) Pia mater Q. 2. Very very short answer questions. 1. What is the function of red nucleus? Answer. Red nucleus plays an important role in controlling posture and muscle tone, modifying some motor activities and motor coordination. 2. What is the importance of corpora quadrigemina? Answer. Corpora quadrigemina consists of 4 solid rounded structures, viz. superior and inferior colliculi. Superior colliculi control visual reflexes while inferior colliculi control auditory reflexes. 3. What does the cerebellum of brain control? Answer. Cerebellum of brain is an important centre which maintains equilibrium of body, posture, balancing orientation, moderation of voluntary movements and maintenance of muscle tone. 4. Name the three ear ossicles. Answer. Malleus [hammer], incus [anvil] and stapes [stirrup]. 5. Name the anti abortion hormone. Answer. Progesterone. 6. Name an organ which acts as temporary endocrine gland. Answer. Placenta. Corpus luteum in ovary. 7. Name the type of hormones which bind to the DNA and alter the gene expression. Answer. Steroid hormones. 8. What is the cause of abnormal elongation of long bones of arms and legs and of lower jaw. Answer. Hypersecretion of growth hormones in adults causes abnormal elongation of long bones of arms and legs and of lower jaw i.e. acromegaly. 9. Name the hormone secreted by the pineal gland. Answer. Melatonin. 10. Which endocrine gland plays important, role in improving immunity? Answer. The endocrine gland, thymus plays an important role in improving immunity. Q. 3. Match the organism with the type of nervous system found in them Column A Column B (1) Neurons (a) Earthworm (2) Ladder type (b) Hydra (3) Ganglion (c) Flatworm (4) Nerve net (d) Human Answer. olumn A Column B (1) Neurons (d) Human (2) Ladder type (c) Flatworm (3) Ganglion (a) Earthworm (4) Nerve net (b) Hydra Q. 4. Very short answer questions. 1. Describe the endocrine role of islets of Langerhans. Answer. Endocrine cells of pancreas form groups of cells called Islets of Langerhans. There are four kinds of cells in islets of Langerhans which secrete hormones. 2. Mention the function of testosterone? Answer. Testosterone is a steroid sex hormone secreted by testes and cortex of adrenal glands. It controls the secondary sexual characters in males. 3. Give symptoms of the disease caused by hyposecretion of ADH. Answer. Polydipsia, i.e. frequent thirst and polyuria, i.e. frequent urination are the symptoms of the disease caused by hyposecretion of ADH. Q. 5. Short answer questions 1. Rakesh got hurt on his head when he fell down from his motorbike. Which inner membranes must have protected his brain? What other roles do they have to play? Answer. 2. Give reason – Injury to medulla oblongata may prove fatal. Answer. 3. Distinguish between the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system on the basis of the effect they have on: a. Heart beat b. Urinary Bladder Answer. Sympathetic Nervous System Parasympathetic Nervous System (1) Heartbeat Increases Decreases (2) Urinary bladder Relaxes and stores urine Contracts causing micturition 4. While holding a tea cup Mr. Kothari’s hands rattle. Which disorder he may be suffering from and what is the reason for this? Answer. 5. List the properties of the nerve fibres. Answer. 6. How does the tongue detect the sensation of taste? Answer. 7. State the site of production and function of Secretin, Gastrin and Cholecystokinin. Answer. Hormone Site of production Functions 1. Secretin Duodenal mucosa Stimulates secretion of pancreatic juice and bile from pancreas and liver respectively. 2. Gastrin Gastric mucosa Stimulates gastric glands to secrete gastric juice. 3. Cholecystokinin Duodenal mucosa Stimulates pancreas and gall bladder to release pancreatic enzymes and bile respectively. 8. An adult patient suffers from low heart rate, low metabolic rate and low body temperature. He also lacks alertness, intelligence and initiative. What can be this disease? What can be its cause and care? Answer. 9. Where is the pituitary gland located? Enlist the hormones secreted by anterior pituitary. Answer. The pituitary gland is attached to hypothalamus on the ventral surface of brain. It is lodged in a bony depression called sella turcica of sphenoid bone.For names of hormones: Gonadotropins- 10. Explain how the adrenal medulla and sympathetic nervous system function as a

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Trade Class 9 Geography Chapter 9 Questions And Answers Maharashtra Board
Class 9 Social Science Maharashtra Board Textbook Solutions
30 Mar 2026

Trade Class 9 Geography Chapter 9 Questions And Answers Maharashtra Board

1. Classify the trade taking place between following regions : (A) Maharashtra and Punjab Answer. Domestic trade (B) India and Japan Answer. International trade (C) Lasalgaon and Pune Answer. Domestic trade (D) China and Canada Answer. International trade (E) India and European Union Answer. International trade 2. Write the correct word- Import or Export for the following : (A) India buys crude oil from the Middle-East Asian countries. Answer. Import (B) Wheat is sent to Asian countries from Canada. Answer. Export  (C) Japan sends machine parts to APEC countries. Answer. Export  3. Correct and rewrite the wrong statements : (A) India is a self-sufficient country. Answer. Corrected: India is not a self-sufficient country; it depends on trade for many goods. (B) The place where there is excess production does not have demand for those products. Answer. Corrected: The place where there is excess production has low demand, so it supplies to other areas. (C) International trade processes are easier than local trade. Answer. Corrected: International trade processes are more complex than local trade due to laws and currencies. (D) SAARC works towards economic development and enhancing the social and cultural harmony of the South- East Asian countries. Answer. Corrected: SAARC works towards economic development and enhancing the social and cultural harmony of South Asian countries. 4. Identify and write the type of trade: (A) Srushti brought sugar from the grocery shop. Answer. Retail Trade (B) The traders from Surat bought cotton from the farmers of Maharashtra. Answer. Wholesale Trade. (C) Sameer has exported pomegranates from his farms to Australia. Answer. International Trade. (D) Sadabhau bought 10 sacks of wheat and 5 sacks of rice from Market Yard for selling in his own shop. Answer. Wholesale Trade. 5. Write answers in short: (A) Create a flowchart showing the types of trade. Answer. Trade refers to buying and selling for fulfilling each other’s needs.Trade is divided into two categories: (B) Explain the difference in types of balances of trade. Answer. The difference between the import and export values of a country in a specific period is called balance of trade.The different types of balance of trade are: (C) State the objectives of WTO. Answer. WTO stands for World Trade Organisation. The main objectives of WTO are: (D) What is the difference between the OPEC and APEC in terms of their functions? Answer. OPEC APEC (i) OPEC stands for Organisation of Petroleum Exporting Countries. APEC stands for Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC). (ii) OPEC is the organisation of oil-producing and exporting countries. APEC is the regional organisation of the countries in the Asia Pacific region. (iii) It keeps control over the international trade of crude oil. It promotes free trade and economic cooperation among the member countries. (iv) It keeps control on the rates of crude oil production among member states. It promotes regional and technical cooperation among members. (E) Write the functions of the important trade organisations in Asia. Answer. Important trade organisations in Asia are:Association of South East Asian Nations (ASEAN) Asia Pacific Economic Co-operation (APEC) (F) What is the importance of marketing from farmers ‘point of view’? Answer. Marketing involves price of a commodity, its sales promotion, its advertising and its proper distribution. 6. In the following table, export-import of some countries in the year 2014-15 is given in million U.S. dollars. Make a compound bar graph of the given statistical information. Read the bar diagram carefully and comment upon the balance of payments of the respective countries. Answer.

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Changing Life : 1 Class 9 History And Political Science Chapter 9 Questions And Answers Maharashtra Board
Class 9 Social Science Maharashtra Board Textbook Solutions
20 Mar 2026

Changing Life : 1 Class 9 History And Political Science Chapter 9 Questions And Answers Maharashtra Board

1. Choose the correct option from the given options and complete the statements. (1) The first open heart surgery under the leadership of Dr N Gopinathan was successfully performed in the city of(a) Chennai (b) Vellore (c) Hyderabad (d) Mumbai Answer. (b) Vellore (2) is known as the father of the ‘Jaipur foot’.(a) Dr N. Gopinathan(b) Dr Pramod Sethi(c) Dr Mohan Rao(d) None of the above Answer. (b) Dr Pramod Sethi 2. Identify and write the wrong pair. (1) Dr N. Gopinathan–open heart surgery(2) Ramchandra Sharma – a skilled craftsman(3) Dr Subhash Mukhopadhyaya – test tube baby(4) Dr Mohan Rao – polio Answer. Wrong Pair: Dr Mohan Rao – polio 3. Write short notes on- (1) The Institution of family Answer. The institution of family can be explained as follows: (2) Jaipur foot technology Answer. (i) Dr Pramod Sethi designed and manufactured artificial limbs, noses and ears, with the help of the skilled craftsman Ramchandra Sharma. (ii) These artificial body parts manufactured with the help of the Jaipur foot technology have made it easy for the differently-abled to walk bare-foot on rough surfaces, run, go cycling, work in the fields, climb trees, and even climb mountains, etc. (3) Urbanisation Answer. (i) Urbanisation is a process of the concentration of population in a city or urban area. Increasing population is one major reason for urbanisation. (ii) A few other factors affecting urbanisation are air, water and the economic as well as social organisations necessary for community life. (iii) In the context of post-independence India, the increase in urban population is also due to factors such as a reduction in the mortality rate, industrialisation, unavailability of means of livelihood in rural areas, job opportunities in cities and the resulting migration. (4) Changing economic life Answer. (i) Earlier, every village was economically self-sufficient. A majority of the villagers were dependent on farming. Farm produce used to be distributed among artisans as payment for their work. (ii) Now this situation has changed. Rural areas are engaged in agriculture and occupations ancillary to farming while urban society is engaged in non-agricultural production and the service sector. 4. Explain the following statements with reasons. (1) The campaign for pulse polio immunisation was taken up. Answer. The campaign of pulse polio immunisation was initiated because: (2) The Rural Water Supply scheme was started. Answer. The State started the Rural Water Supply Scheme for sinking wells and providing piped water because: (i) It is necessary to give priority to facilities for public hygiene and health-care. However even today, the rural population faces problems related to year-round provision of drinking water, toilets, open drainage, narrow roads, inadequate electrification and lack of facilities for medical treatment. (ii) There is a lack of good quality educational facilities from primary level to higher education, centres for recreation and libraries. (iii) The collective development scheme had an important place in all the first four five year plans of the government of India. The State of Maharashtra registered remarkable achievements under this scheme. By 1971,1677 small dams had also been built. 5. Answer the following questions in detail. (1) Which kinds of discrimination does the Constitution prohibit? Answer. (i) According to our Constitution, all Indians are equal before the law, and they cannot be discriminated against on the basis of religion, race, caste, gender or place of birth. (ii) All citizens have the right to freedom of speech and expression, freedom to assemble peacefully without arms, freedom to form associations, freedom to move, to live and settle down anywhere on Indian territory and to practice any occupation. (iii) Indian citizens living anywhere in India enjoy the right to nurture their language, script and culture. (2) What is the aim of the social welfare programme ? Answer. (i) The objective to establish the welfare state has been incorporated in the Constitution itself. (ii) The social welfare programmes aim to make opportunities for full-time employment, health care, education and development available to all Indian citizens. Indian society is riddled with large scale economic, social, educational and cultural inequalities. (iii) However, it is necessary that opportunities for development reach women, children, the differently-abled, the scheduled castes and tribes as well as other minorities. (iv) Hence on 14th June 1964, the government of India constituted the Ministry of Social Welfare. Under this ministry, various programmes are implemented for nutrition and child- development, social security and social protection, women’s welfare and development. (3) What are the challenges facing rural development ? Answer. (i) In 1961, 82% of India’s population resided in villages. In 1971, the percentage was 80.01%. (ii) So far, the rural area has shouldered the responsibility of providing food grains and other raw material to urban areas, supplying labour to the industrial sectors of the city, and taking care of natural resources. (iii) However there are three major challenges with reference to rural development, namely, bringing about economic development, developing facilities to meet social needs and finally bringing about a change of attitude in matters concerning society, culture and ways of thinking. (iv) It is also equally necessary to expedite irrigation projects and bring about land reforms. 6. Write a brief review of the significant events in the field of public health in India. Answer. The Constitution of India states that the primary duty of the government is to raise the people’s standard of living, to ensure proper nutrition and to improve public health. The Ministry of Health and Social Welfare at the Centre helps the state governments in this regard. (i) To make primary health services as well as medical care available to rural people, the tribals and the poor was an objective of the Sixth Five Year plan. Efforts were made towards helping people maintain good health by giving recognition to Unani, Homoeopathy, Ayurveda and Naturopathy in addition to Allopathy. (ii) In 1962, the first successful open heart surgery was performed under the leadership of Dr N. Gopinath at Christian Medical College Hospital at Vellore in Tamil Nadu. Hence, it is no longer necessary

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Tourism, Transport and Communication Class 10 Geography Chapter 9 Questions And Answers Maharashtra Board
Class 10 Social Science Maharashtra Board Textbook Solutions
12 Mar 2026

Tourism, Transport and Communication Class 10 Geography Chapter 9 Questions And Answers Maharashtra Board

1. State whether right or wrong with reasons. (a) The future of tourism is bright in India due to its natural diversity. Answer. Right. (b) Tourism is an invisible trade. Answer. Right. (c) The indicator of development in a country is the development of transport in that country. Answer. Right (d) Brazil’s time is ahead of India’s time. Answer. Wrong (e) The development of tourism in India has begun recently. Answer. Right. 2. Answer in short (a) Which factors attract more tourists in Brazil? Answer. The factors which attract more tourists in Brazil are: (b) What are the difficulties in the development of the railway system in Brazil’s internal areas? Answer. (c) Which means of communication has expedited the field of communications? Answer. Communication is a process of sending and receiving information such as post, newspapers, telecom, and so on. In today’s world: 3. A plane leaves Brasilia at 11 a.m. on 31st December. The plane crosses 0° Meridian and reaches Vladivostok via New Delhi. Tell the local time, date and day at New Delhi and Vladivostok when the plane leaves Brasilia. Answer. Time difference between Brasilia and GMT = 3 hoursTime at GMT = 11 a.m.+3 hours= 2.00p.m. Time difference between GMT and New Delhi = 5 hours 30 min.Time at New Delhi = 2 a.m. + 5 hours 30 min.= 7 hours 30 min.= 31st December,Sunday, 7.30 p.m. Time difference betweenNew Delhi and Vladivostok = 4 hours 30 min.Time at Vladivostok = 7.30 p.m. + 4 hours 30 min.= 12.00 am The local time, date and day at Delhi are 7 : 30p.m. , 31st December, Sundaylocal time, date and day at Vladivostok are 12 am. , 1st January, Monday. 4. Match the columns. Column A’ Column ’B’ (1) Trans-Amazonian(2) Road Transport(3) Rio de Janeiro(4) Manmad (a) Tourist Place Highway(b) Railway Station in India(c) Golden Quadrilateral(d) Major Highway(e) 40° W Meridian Answer. 1 – d2 – c3 – a4 – b 5. Give geographical reasons. (a) Eco-tourism is being developed more in Brazil. Answer. (b) The waterways are not developed in Brazil. Answer. (c) A dense network of railways has developed in the north Indian plains. Answer. (d) Development of transport is important for country’s progress. Answer. (e) We rely on the sea route for international trade. Answer. 6. Differentiate between. (a) Water transport in the Amazon and the Ganga river. Answer. Water transport in the Amazon River Water Transport in the Ganga River (i) River Amazon is navigable throughout its course due to its gentle slope.(ii) Boats ply from Equitos in Peru to its mouth i.e., approximately 3700 km.(iii) River Amazon is used for navigation between Brazil and neighbouring countries. (i) River Ganga is navigable only in its middle and lower course which is gentler as compared to its upper course.(ii) Boats ply from Allahabad to Haldia. i.e. approximately 1620 km.(iii) River Ganga is used for inland transportation. (b) Communication in Brazil and India Answer. Communication in Brazil Communication in India (i) Telecommunication services in Brazil are well developed and efficient.(ii) Brazil is developing technology to send domestically-made satellites into space with its own rockets. (i) With the explosion of electronic media, telecommunication industry has become one of the fast growing sectors.(ii) With development of our own satellites, India has come a long way in this field. (c) IST and BRT Answer. IST BRT (i) 1ST is the Indian Standard Time. (i) BRT is the Brasilia Time/Brazil Time. (Standard Time) (ii) India has only one standard time zone. (ii) Brazil has four time zones. (iii) The official 1ST is based on 82.5° E longitude (iii) The official BRT is GMT – 03 which passes which passes through Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh. through Brasilia. (iv) 1ST is 5hrs 30mins ahead of Greenwich Meridian (iv) BRT is 2,3,4, or 5 hrs behind Greenwich Meridian (v) Time as India is in the eastern hemisphere. (v) Time as Brazil is in the western hemisphere. 7. Write notes on. (a) Modern means of communication Answer. (i) Modern means of communication includes landlines as well as mobile services, television broadcasting and computer/internet access.(ii) In this era of information and communication technology, digitally enhanced communication devices like mobile phones, smart phones, internet and satellites are being used. (b) Air transport in India Answer. (i) Air transport is more developed in India as compared to Brazil.(ii) The use of international and internal airways is increasing.(iii) Important airports from where domestic and foreign travel take place are Mumbai, Delhi, Kolkata, Chennai, Bengaluru, etc. (c) Correlation between physiographic and internal waterways Answer. (i) Internal (Inland) waterways comprises of rivers, canals, backwaters, creeks, etc. which are the cheap means of transportation.(ii) Deep waters, gentle slopes, absence of rapids and waterfalls and the long course of rivers are favourable factors for development of internal waterways.(iii) The longest waterways in the world is developed in the Amazon river in Brazil which is navigable for around 3700 kms.(iv) Perennial river like Ganga in India is navigable in its lower course but the peninsular rivers are not used due to shallow waters, shorter course, seasonal nature, etc. (d) Importance of Standard Time Answer. (i) Standard Time is the official time and is commonly accepted all over the country or region.(ii) The importance of Standard Time is the most, if the country has a vast longitudinal extent, since there will be a great difference between the time of its places located in the eastern and the western parts.(iii) It helps in making proper schedules of travel, business meeting, co-ordinating the functioning of various organisations, etc.(iv) Thus Standard Time helps in avoiding confusion regarding day, date and time.

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Heritage Management Class 10 History Chapter 9 Questions And Answers Maharashtra Board
Class 10 Social Science Maharashtra Board Textbook Solutions
10 Mar 2026

Heritage Management Class 10 History Chapter 9 Questions And Answers Maharashtra Board

1. (A) Choose the correct option from the given options and complete the statement. (1) Lovre Museum has in its collection the much-acclaimed painting of …………..…….. by Leonardo da Vinci. (a) Napoleon(b) Mona Lisa(c) Hans Sloan(d) George II Answer. (b) Mona Lisa (2) …………..…….. at Kolkata is the first museum in India. (a) Government Museum(b) National Museum(c) Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj Vastusangrahalay(d) Indian Museum Answer. (d) Indian Museum (B) Identify and write the wrong pair in the following set. (1) Maharaja Sayajirao University – Delhi(2) Banaras Hindu University – Varanasi(3) Aligarh Muslim University – Aligarh(4) Jivaji University – Gwalior Answer. (1) Wrong Pair: Maharaja Sayajirao University – Delhi 2. Explain the following statements with reasons. (1) Archives and libraries publish research journals, informative pamphlets, leaflets, posters, etc. Answer. In order to make the historical events, personalities, and historical research known to the people, archives and libraries publish research journals, informative pamphlets and leaflets. (2) Only trained persons, who are duly qualified can take up the tasks involved in the work of conservation and preservation. Answer. 3. Write notes : (1) Sthalakosh Answer. (2) Vishwakosh Answer. (3) Samdnya Kosh Answer. (4) Saraswati Mahal Granthalay Answer. 4. Give elaborate answers to the following. (1) Why is library management important? Answer. Library is not just about a collection of books but managing it is equally important. (2) Which tasks are important in archives management? Answer. The following tasks are important in archives’ management: 5. Complete the following Concept map. Answer.

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Social health Class 10 Science 2 Chapter 9 Questions And Answers Maharashtra Board
Maharashtra Board
7 Mar 2026

Social health Class 10 Science 2 Chapter 9 Questions And Answers Maharashtra Board

1. Fill in the blanks with appropriate word. a. Laughter club is a remedy to drive away ………….. Answer. Stress b. Alcohol consumption mainly affects …………. system. Answer.  Nervous c. IT Act 2000 is to control the ………. Answer. Cybercrimes 2. Answer the following. a. Which factors affect the social health? Answer. b. Which changes occur in persons continuously using the internet and mobile phones? Answer. c. Which problems does the common man face due to incidences of cyber crime? Answer. d. Explain the importance of good communication with others. Answer. 3. Solve the following cross-word 1. Continuous consumption of alcoholic and tobacco materials. Answer. Addiction 2. This app may cause the cyber crimes Answer. Facebook 3. A remedy to resolve stress. Answer. Singing 4. Requirement for stress free life. Answer. Goodfood 5. Various factors affect ……….. health. Answer. Social 6. Art of preparing food items. Answer. Cooking. 4. Which are various ways to minimize stress? Answer. Stress can be defined as the response of our body to a demand or threat, and it can be both physical and mental. There are many ways of handling stress, out of which some are mentioned below: 5. Give three examples of each. a. Hobbies to reduce stress. Answer. b. Diseases endangering the social health. Answer. c. Physical problems arising due to excessive use of mobile phones. Answer. d. Activities under the jurisdiction of cybercrime laws. Answer. 6. What will you do? Why? a. You are spending more time in internet/mobile games, phone, etc. Answer. In life, the time once spent never returns back. We therefore must use our time for studies, exercise or outdoor games and some entertainment. In the free time, we must also help our parents in house hold work. But if we are spending hours together on surfing the net without any perfect aim or playing the computer or cell phone games it is total waste of time. There are many inappropriate sites on the internet, which should not be watched. This causes stress. Continuous use of mobile phone and being hooked to the social media slowly becomes an addiction. If these bad habits are creeping in us, we must try to leave the habits by conscious change. b. Child of your neighbour is addicted to tobacco chewing. Answer. The hazards of tobacco chewing will be explained to this child. Different photographs and videos showing the conditions of oral cancer will be shown to this child to persuade him, so that he can stay away from tobacco. This addiction has to be removed, so help of his parents will be taken. They will be told about the child’s habit and asked to help ? him free from his addiction. c. Your sister has become incommunicative. She prefers to remain alone. Answer. The individual who prefers to be incommunicative has lots of thoughts in his/her mind. If this is the case with sister, she will be taken into confidence and the reason behind this lack of communication will be found out. Most often such persons have depression. So she will not be left alone. Her friends will be invited at home, so that she can converse with them. She should be motivated to mix with her favourite people. She should be encouraged to pursue her hobbies. She should be helped in selecting such work, If nothing changes her, then the help of counsellor should be taken. d. You have to use free space around your home for good purpose. Answer. The free space around our home can be used to make a small garden. The garden-soil can be bought and spread in this free space. Small saplings can be planted here and nurtured for further growth. Nursery of saplings can also be started in this free space. The space can also be used for outdoor games. The net for Badminton can be fixed and evening times can be spent in playing the game. Also care will be taken to keep the space clean and without any garbage. e. Your friend has developed the hobby of snapping selfies. Answer. The habit of continuously taking selfie is bad. It shows that the friend is constantly thinking of himself only. His self-centredness is to be removed by counselling him. The reason behind this behaviour should also be understood. He should be diverted and motivated to take some other tasks so that his habit can be lessened. Taking selfies is not a hobby. It is a bad habit if someone is repeatedly engaged in it. f. Your brother studying in XII has developed the stress. Answer. The syllabus for class XII is vast. If the studies are not taken seriously from the beginning of the academic year, then the stress develops due to the fear of examination and result. Therefore, instead of being stressed, he should practise time management and study schedule. He should think of only one subject at a time. The atmosphere in the house should be maintained happy and tension-free. Everybody in the house should interact with him so that he gets a feeling that he is not alone. He should be convinced, “study is for you and you are not for study”. 7. What type of changes occurs in a home having chronically ill old person? How will you help to maintain good atmosphere? Answer. If there is a chronically ill old person in the house, the entire atmosphere of the house changes. There is tension and grief in the house. Doctor’s visits to the house become routine. The ill person’s diet and medicines are strictly followed. In such times, everybody in the family should contribute to the work of taking care of the patient. We can help in bringing medicines. We can sit beside the patient during night time. We should maintain pleasant atmosphere in the house. We should help the person who is burdened by the duties towards the sick patient by helping in whatever little ways that we can.

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Carbon Compounds 10 Science 1 Chapter 9 Questions And Answers Maharashtra Board
Maharashtra Board
5 Mar 2026

Carbon Compounds Class 10 Science 1 Chapter 9 Questions And Answers Maharashtra Board

1. Match the pairs. Group A Group B a. C2H6 1. Unsaturated hydrocarbon b. C2H2 2. Molecular formula of an alcohol c. CH4O 3. Saturated hydrocarbon d. C3H6 4. Triple bond Answer. a. C₂H₆ – Saturated hydrocarbon (3) b. C₂H₂ – Triple bond (4) c. CH₄O – Molecular formula of an alcohol (2) d. C₃H₆ – Unsaturated hydrocarbon (1) 2. Draw an electron dot structure of the following molecules. (Without showing the circles) a. Methane Answer. Molecular formula: CH4 b. Ethene Answer. Molecular formula: H2C = CH2 c. Methanol Answer. Molecular formula: H3C – OH d. Water Answer. Molecular formula: H2O 3. Draw all possible structural formulae of compounds from their molecular formula given below. a. C3H8b. C4H10c. C3H4 Answer. a. C3H8 Propane: c. C3H4 Propyne: 4. Explain the following terms with example. a. Structural isomerism Answer. The phenomenon in which compounds having different structural formulae have the same molecular formula is called structural isomerism. Butane is represented by two different compounds as their structural formulae are different. The first compound is a straight chain compound and the second compound is a branched chain compound. These two different structural formulae have the same molecular formula i.e. C4H10. b. Covalent bond. Answer. The chemical bond formed by sharing of two valence electrons between the two atoms is called covalent bond. Example: 1. Hydrogen molecule formation: The atomic number of hydrogen is 1, its atom contains 1 electron in K shell. It requires one more electron to complete the K shell and attain the configuration of helium (He). To meet this requirement two hydrogen atoms share their electrons with each other to form H2 molecule. One covalent bond, i.e. a single bond is formed between two hydrogen atoms by sharing of two electrons. 2. Formation of oxygen molecule: (1) The atomic number of oxygen is 8. The electronic configuration of oxygen is (2, 6). Oxygen has 6 electrons in the outermost shell.(2) It requires 2 electrons to complete the L shell and attain the configuration of neon (Ne).(3) Each oxygen atom shares its valence electron with the valence electron of another oxygen atom to give two shared pairs of electrons which results in the formation of oxygen molecule.(4) Thus, two electron pairs are shared between two oxygen atoms, forming double covalent bond (=). c. Hetero atom in a carbon compound Answer. Carbon compounds are formed by formation of bonds of carbon with other elements such as halogens, oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur. The atoms of these elements substitute one or more hydrogen atoms in the hydrocarbon chain and thereby the tetravalency of carbon is satisfied. The atom of the element which is substitute for hydrogen is referred to as a heteroatom. Sometimes hetero atoms are not alone but exist in the form of certain groups of atoms. d. Functional group Answer. The compound acquire specific chemical properties due to these hetero atoms or the groups of atoms that contain hetero atoms, irrespective of length and nature of the carbon chain in that compound. Therefore these hetero atoms or groups of atoms containing hetero atoms are called the functional groups. e. Alkane Answer. In hydrocarbon, the four valencies of carbon atom are satisfied only by the single bonds, such compounds are called alkane.Example: In methane, four hydrogen atoms are bonded to carbon atom by four single covalent bonds. f. Unsaturated hydrocarbon Answer. The carbon compounds having a double bond or triple bond between two carbon atoms are called unsaturated hydrocarbons. The unsaturated hydrocarbons containing a carbon-carbon double bond are called alkenes.e.g. Ethene (CH2 = CH2), Propene (CH3 – CH = CH2).The unsaturated hydrocarbons containing a carbon-carbon triple bond are called alkynes e.g. Ethyne (CH ≡ CH). g. Homopolymer Answer. The polymers formed by repetition of single monomer are called homopolymer. e.g. polyethylene (CH2 – CH2)n. h. Monomer Answer. The small unit that repeats regularly to form a polymer is called monomer.Example: Ethylene. i. Reduction Answer. In a chemical reaction, removal of oxygen from a compound or addition of hydrogen to a compound is called a reduction. j. Oxidant Answer. An oxidant is a reactant that oxidizes or removes electrons from other reactants during a redox reaction. An oxidant may also be called an oxidizer or oxidizing agent. When the oxidant includes oxygen, it may be called an oxygenation reagent or oxygen-atom transfer (OT) agent. Examples of oxidants include: 5. Write the IUPAC names of the following structural formulae. a. CH3 – CH2 – CH2 – CH3 Answer. The number of carbon atopic in the longest chain: 4 Parent alkane: Butane IUPAC name: n-Butane b. CH3 – CHOH – CH3 Answer. The number of carbon atoms in the longest chain: 3 c. CH3 – CH2 – COOH Answer. The number of carbon atoms in the longest chain: 3Parent alkane: PropaneFunctional group: -COOH (-oic acid)If the carbon chain of the compound contains a -COOH group then change the ending of the parent name, i.e., ‘e’ of propane is replaced by ‘oic acid’.Parent suffix: Propanoic acidIUPAC name: Propanoic acid d. CH3 – CH2 – NH2 Answer. Number of carbon atoms: 2Parent alkane: EthaneFunctional group: -NH2 (amine)If the carbon chain of the compound contains a -NH2 group, then change the ending of the parent name, i.e., ‘e’ of ethane is replaced by ‘amine’.Parent suffix: EthanamineIUPAC name: Ethanamine. e. CH3 – CHO Answer. Number of carbon atoms: 2Parent alkane: EthaneFunctional group: -CHO (al)If the carbon chain of the compound contains a -CHO group, then change the ending of the parent name, i.e., ‘e’ of ethane is replaced by ‘al’.Parent suffix: EthanalIUPAC name: Ethanal f. CH3 – CO – CH2 – CH3 Answer. Number of carbon atoms in the longest chain: 4Parent alkane: Butane Functional group: -CO- (one)Assign the number: In the longest chain, the numbering of carbon atom starts from the carbon atom nearest to the function group.If the carbon chain of the compound contains a (-CO-) group, then change the ending of the parent name, i.e., ‘e’ of butane is replaced by ‘one’.Parent suffix: Butan-2-oneIUPAC name: Butan-2-one 6. Identify the type of the following reaction of carbon compounds. 1. CH3 – CH2 – CH2 – OH + (O)     →

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Environmental Management Class 9 Science Chapter 9 Questions And Answers Maharashtra Board
Maharashtra Board
18 Feb 2026

Environmental Management Class 9 Science Chapter 9 Questions And Answers Maharashtra Board

1. Match the items in column ‘A’ with the proper ones in column ‘B’ and explain their impact on the environment. Column ‘A’ Column ‘B’ Answer. (1) Harmful waste – (c) Radioactive material (2) Domestic waste – (d) Leftover food, vegetables, peelings of fruits (3) Biomedical waste – (e) Bandages, cotton, needles, etc. (4) Industrial waste – (b) Chemicals, pigments, ash, etc. (5) Urban waste – (a) Glass, rubber, carry bags, etc. 2. Complete the statements using the given options and justify those statements. (Geographic favourability, climate, weather, observatory) a. Of the abiotic factors that affect biodiversity by far the most important is ……………… . Answer. Climate.Climate influences our basic needs like food, clothing and shelter as well as our occupations. Various factors of climate like temperature, atmospheric pressure, sunlight, rainfall, humidity etc. will decide which kind of plants and animals can survive there. b. A description of the climatic conditions of short duration in a particular area is ……………… . Answer. Weather.Atmospheric conditions at a specific time at a particular place are referred to as weather. Weather is related to a specific location and specific time whereas climate is related to a longer duration and larger area. c. Irrespective of the progress of human beings, we have to think about ……………… . Answer. Geographic favourability.Geographic favourability includes location, availability of water, availability of natural resources and climate of a region. This has a great impact on the progress of human beings. Countries that have more favourable factors will progress more. d. Establishments where various climatic factors are recorded are called ……………… . Answer. ObservatoryMost countries in the world have established meteorology departments for recording climatic factors. These departments have observatories which are equipped with modern instruments and technology. 3. Answer the following questions. a. How is first aid provided to victims of disasters who are injured? Answer. (1) When the victims are injured in a disaster, then the help rendered to him or her before the medical doctor arrives, is called first aid. It is done with the intention of saving a life.(2) The three main measures which may save the lives are airway, breathing and circulation i.e. ABC of first aid. These are also called the basic principles of first aid.(A) Airway : When there is difficulty in breathing, the head of the victim is held in a backward sloping position or the chin is raised. This makes the respiratory passage open. Therefore, it is called airway.(B) Breathing : On the stoppage of breathing the victim is given artificial ventilation by mouth to mouth resuscitation.(C) Circulation : When the victim is unconscious, and mouth to mouth respiration is not successful then CPR or cardio-pulmonary resuscitation is given. In this the heart should be pressed by putting pressure on the chest with both the palms. These two actions are repeated alternately 15 times. CPR helps to bring the circulation back to normal.(3) When there is bleeding, efforts should be made to stop it. With antiseptic pad the wound should be covered with light pressure.(4) When there is a fracture, the fractured part should be immobilized. The patient should be moved with the help of firm stretcher by keeping him/her immobile as far as possible.(5) In case of burn injuries, the burnt part should be kept under clean and cold flowing water. b. State the scientific and eco-friendly methods of waste management. Answer. Following are the scientific and eco-friendly methods of waste management: c. Explain with suitable examples, the relationship between weather forecasting and disaster management. Answer. d. Why is e-waste harmful? Express your opinion about this. Answer. e. How will you register your individual participation in solid waste management? Answer. We can register our individual participation in solid waste management in the following ways: 4. Write notes. Meteorology, Climatic factors, Monsoon model, Industrial waste, Plastic waste, Principles of first aid Answer. Meteorology (1) Meteorology is the science that studies the inter-relationships between the various components of air, natural cycles, geological movements of the earth and climate. (2) It includes the study of storms, clouds, rainfall, thunder, lightning, etc. (3) Depending upon the study of such factors, weather forecasts are made. (4) They are useful to common people, farmers, fisheries, aviation services, water transport and various other organizations. (5) For this purpose, on the International level, The World Meteorological Organization was established whereas on national level there is Indian Meteorological Department. Climatic factors (1) Atmospheric pressure, sunlight, clouds, humidity, rainfall, visibility, temperature, etc. are the chief climatic factors. (2) All of these climatic factors decide the atmospheric conditions of the particular space at the specific time. (3) The climatic factors are also dependent upon the geographical conditions of a particular region. (4) The climate of a particular region is decided by the average of daily readings of various weather-related parameters recorded for several years. Monsoon model (1) In the decade of the 1990’s, a monsoon model based upon 16 worldwide climatic parameters was developed by Dr. Vasant Govarikar. (2) This model was in use from 1990 to 2002 and itgave the almost right predictions about the monsoon. (3) There are three types of monsoon models : (A) Mathematical model (Dynamic) : In this model the mathematical analysis is done. Forecasts are made with the help of mathematical models. Estimates of current weather related events and ongoing physical interactions between them are taken in to account for the analysis. (B) Holistic model : In this model, predictions are based upon many parameters which were used in other models are used in the holistic way to givethe monsoon prediction. (C) Statistical model : In this model, a collective study is undertaken by understanding the current climatic observations in a region and the earlierparameters such as oceanic temperature, atmospheric pressure and the nature of the monsoon rainfall of several years. There is comparison of both the data done and from this comparative analysis the monsoon predictions are made in statistical model. Industrial waste (1) The industrial wastes are created in the industries

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