Maharashtra Board
18 Feb 2026Environmental Management Class 9 Science Chapter 9 Questions And Answers Maharashtra Board
1. Match the items in column ‘A’ with the proper ones in column ‘B’ and explain their impact on the environment. Column ‘A’ Column ‘B’ Answer. (1) Harmful waste – (c) Radioactive material (2) Domestic waste – (d) Leftover food, vegetables, peelings of fruits (3) Biomedical waste – (e) Bandages, cotton, needles, etc. (4) Industrial waste – (b) Chemicals, pigments, ash, etc. (5) Urban waste – (a) Glass, rubber, carry bags, etc. 2. Complete the statements using the given options and justify those statements. (Geographic favourability, climate, weather, observatory) a. Of the abiotic factors that affect biodiversity by far the most important is ……………… . Answer. Climate.Climate influences our basic needs like food, clothing and shelter as well as our occupations. Various factors of climate like temperature, atmospheric pressure, sunlight, rainfall, humidity etc. will decide which kind of plants and animals can survive there. b. A description of the climatic conditions of short duration in a particular area is ……………… . Answer. Weather.Atmospheric conditions at a specific time at a particular place are referred to as weather. Weather is related to a specific location and specific time whereas climate is related to a longer duration and larger area. c. Irrespective of the progress of human beings, we have to think about ……………… . Answer. Geographic favourability.Geographic favourability includes location, availability of water, availability of natural resources and climate of a region. This has a great impact on the progress of human beings. Countries that have more favourable factors will progress more. d. Establishments where various climatic factors are recorded are called ……………… . Answer. ObservatoryMost countries in the world have established meteorology departments for recording climatic factors. These departments have observatories which are equipped with modern instruments and technology. 3. Answer the following questions. a. How is first aid provided to victims of disasters who are injured? Answer. (1) When the victims are injured in a disaster, then the help rendered to him or her before the medical doctor arrives, is called first aid. It is done with the intention of saving a life.(2) The three main measures which may save the lives are airway, breathing and circulation i.e. ABC of first aid. These are also called the basic principles of first aid.(A) Airway : When there is difficulty in breathing, the head of the victim is held in a backward sloping position or the chin is raised. This makes the respiratory passage open. Therefore, it is called airway.(B) Breathing : On the stoppage of breathing the victim is given artificial ventilation by mouth to mouth resuscitation.(C) Circulation : When the victim is unconscious, and mouth to mouth respiration is not successful then CPR or cardio-pulmonary resuscitation is given. In this the heart should be pressed by putting pressure on the chest with both the palms. These two actions are repeated alternately 15 times. CPR helps to bring the circulation back to normal.(3) When there is bleeding, efforts should be made to stop it. With antiseptic pad the wound should be covered with light pressure.(4) When there is a fracture, the fractured part should be immobilized. The patient should be moved with the help of firm stretcher by keeping him/her immobile as far as possible.(5) In case of burn injuries, the burnt part should be kept under clean and cold flowing water. b. State the scientific and eco-friendly methods of waste management. Answer. Following are the scientific and eco-friendly methods of waste management: c. Explain with suitable examples, the relationship between weather forecasting and disaster management. Answer. d. Why is e-waste harmful? Express your opinion about this. Answer. e. How will you register your individual participation in solid waste management? Answer. We can register our individual participation in solid waste management in the following ways: 4. Write notes. Meteorology, Climatic factors, Monsoon model, Industrial waste, Plastic waste, Principles of first aid Answer. Meteorology (1) Meteorology is the science that studies the inter-relationships between the various components of air, natural cycles, geological movements of the earth and climate. (2) It includes the study of storms, clouds, rainfall, thunder, lightning, etc. (3) Depending upon the study of such factors, weather forecasts are made. (4) They are useful to common people, farmers, fisheries, aviation services, water transport and various other organizations. (5) For this purpose, on the International level, The World Meteorological Organization was established whereas on national level there is Indian Meteorological Department. Climatic factors (1) Atmospheric pressure, sunlight, clouds, humidity, rainfall, visibility, temperature, etc. are the chief climatic factors. (2) All of these climatic factors decide the atmospheric conditions of the particular space at the specific time. (3) The climatic factors are also dependent upon the geographical conditions of a particular region. (4) The climate of a particular region is decided by the average of daily readings of various weather-related parameters recorded for several years. Monsoon model (1) In the decade of the 1990’s, a monsoon model based upon 16 worldwide climatic parameters was developed by Dr. Vasant Govarikar. (2) This model was in use from 1990 to 2002 and itgave the almost right predictions about the monsoon. (3) There are three types of monsoon models : (A) Mathematical model (Dynamic) : In this model the mathematical analysis is done. Forecasts are made with the help of mathematical models. Estimates of current weather related events and ongoing physical interactions between them are taken in to account for the analysis. (B) Holistic model : In this model, predictions are based upon many parameters which were used in other models are used in the holistic way to givethe monsoon prediction. (C) Statistical model : In this model, a collective study is undertaken by understanding the current climatic observations in a region and the earlierparameters such as oceanic temperature, atmospheric pressure and the nature of the monsoon rainfall of several years. There is comparison of both the data done and from this comparative analysis the monsoon predictions are made in statistical model. Industrial waste (1) The industrial wastes are created in the industries
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